Running an association
This main category contains items especially relevant for WINGS participants: it covers issues related to running and operating an association (or support organisation), and questions related to the sector as a whole where the association or organisation is the leader (for example on “codes and standards”). Some topics of interest can be found in other different main categories (for example “Supporting grantmakers > knowledge management”).

• General
  Items on running an association of grantmakers, or items that cut across subcategories. See also "Supporting grantmakers > Management and administration" for items on organizational management.
• Codes and standards
  Items related to the development, implementation and monitoring of voluntary codes and standards for grantmakers and other methods of self-regulation. Includes sample codes. Any government laws or regulations are covered under “Promoting philanthropy > Legal, fiscal, regulations”.
• Communications for associations
  Items related to associations’ communications, marketing, and outreach, including websites, publications and PR. See also "Supporting grantmakers > Communications"
• Evaluation for associations
  Items related to evaluating the work of associations and philanthropy supporters, entailing both guides on how to do evaluations as well as actual evaluations. See also "Supporting grantmakers > Evaluation"
• Governance for associations
  Items related specifically to board relations and governance of associations and support organisations. See also "Supporting grantmakers > governance".
• History and theory of associations
  Items on the background, theory, history, purpose etc. of grantmaker associations, including case studies.
• Membership policies and services
  Items primarily for associations that involve internal membership administration and development, including policies, retaining members, dues, and services.
• Public policy development
  Items for grantmaker associations and support organisations that seek to advocate for the sector or influence public policy development for a better framework for philanthropy.
• Sustainability
  Items related to the sustainability of associations and support organisations. Covering financial sustainability (including fundraising) but also broader issues.

Supporting grantmakers
This main category contains items to support foundations and other grantmakers and help them perform better. It covers issues such as management, development/growth, grantmaking, evaluation and knowledge management. They may have been developed by associations.

• General
  Items on supporting grantmakers in general, or that cut across subcategories.
• Asset development and management
  Items related to managing an endowment and other assets, for example on ethical investment. Items on asset development are especially relevant for new community foundations and other institutions that are building endowment.
• Communications
  Items related to external communications, marketing, outreach, public relations, including websites, email, and publications.
• Donor services
  Items relayed to services for donors, such as donor-advised funds at community foundations or assistance to donors to make cross-border grants.
• Evaluation
  Items related to evaluating, measuring, monitoring the work of grantmakers and their grants, entailing both guides on how to do evaluations as well as actual evaluations.
• Governance
  Items related to board relations and governance of foundations and other grantmakers, as well as non-profit boards in general. Issues relating to grantmaker association boards are covered in "Running an association > governance".
• Grantmaking
  Items related to the art and craft of grantmaking, including guides, advice, background on effective or strategic grantmaking. Includes items on disaster/emergency grantmaking.
• Knowledge management
  Items on knowledge management and libraries, as well as information technology and software systems for grantmakers (including grants management software).
• Management and administration
  Items related to internal management and administration, as well as organisational strengthening, strategic development and leadership. See also "Supporting grantmakers > Strengthening NGOs".
• Strengthening NGOs
  Items for grantmakers and others who wish to strengthen the capacity of their grantees or other NGOS.

Promoting philanthropy
This main category contains items on promoting philanthropy among individuals, communities and societies, and items of wider interest to the sector such as research, mapping, etc. Improving the legal, regulatory, social environment for philanthropy. Education, training and capacity building of donors which are not institutional grantmakers yet (ie, giving circles). Also items on promotion of civil society and civic attitudes in general.

• General
  Items on promoting philanthropy in general, or that cut across subcategories.
• Attitudes
  Items that present research on attitudes towards philanthropy, giving, volunteerism etc., or discuss ways to influence these attitudes and promote philanthropy.
• Awards, prizes, fellowships
  References to awards, prizes, and fellowships in the fields of philanthropy and civil society.
• Community philanthropy
  Items on community philanthropy including community foundations but also other community philanthropy organisations. Promotion of, and research on, community philanthropy.
• Corporate philanthropy
  Items on corporate philanthropy including corporate foundations but also corporate giving programmes and other forms of corporate philanthropy. Includes corporate social responsibility, corporate citizenship, community involvement, etc. Promotion of, and research on, corporate philanthropy.
• Cross-border philanthropy
  Items on international philanthropy including international grantmaking and cross-border donations. Includes items on disaster philanthropy. For diaspora philanthropy see "Promoting philanthropy > Specific group philanthropy".
• Donor education
  Items on training and educating individual donors about philanthropy, grantmaking, etc. See also "Promoting philanthropy > starting a foundation".
• History and theory of philanthropy
  Items on the background, theory, history, purpose of philanthropy and civil society.
• Legal, fiscal, regulations
  Items on the legal, regulatory, and fiscal environment for philanthropy, including foundations or donations. Also items on improving the environment and influencing public policy.
• Mapping, research
  Research and mapping of the philanthropy and civil society sector, including directories.
• Specific populations philanthropy
  Items on philanthropy of specific populations, such as women, youth, minorities, migrants (diasporas), rural and other populations.
• Starting a foundation
  Items on training and educating individuals and groups about starting a foundation”. Includes items on community foundations.
• Venture philanthropy
  Items on venture philanthropy, social investment, social entrepreneurship and other innovative forms of philanthropy that borrow ideas and language from the business sector.

Engaging the public
This main category contains items of significance beyond the philanthropic sector but affecting it. Because of the vast scope of this field, this collection is limited and eclectic, with priority given to pointers for further resources.

• General
  Items on engaging the public in general, or that cut across subcategories.
• International development
  Items on international development, global south, Millennium Development Goals, etc.
• Multilateral institutions
  Items on and from multilaterial institutions, as well as bilateral aid agencies, and on engaging them.
• Other resources
  Online libraries, information gateways, and other resources of general interest.